Impacts of Different Socioeconomic Development Levels on Extremely Wet/Dry Events in Mainland China

The impacts of human activity (denoted by population), economic, and social development gross domestic product–GDP) on extremely wet/dry (or drought) events are important for humans to tackle extreme hazards. This research aims investigate the variations in maximum values (SPEI_MAX) minimum (SPEI_MIN) a 12 month standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI12-month) selected 525 sites at different socioeconomic levels (SDLs) (classified population GDP) China between 2000–2018, analyze increased population/GDP/SDLs events. linear correlations SPEI12-month/SPEI_MAX/SPEI_MIN population/GDP were conducted all sites. relationship slopes (PopuLS)/GDP(GDPLS) SPEI_MAX (SPEI_MAXLS)/SPEI_MIN (SPEI_MINLS) further studied. results show that wet denoted become worse drought SPEI_MIN tend be milder over time. years 2016 2011 dry China. There general increasing trends decreasing as SDL from 1 6. gradual, continuous increase/decrease potentially affected 5 Moreover, more severe developed big municipal cities higher SDLs lower SDLs. can supply references policy makers prevent disasters.